How Cats Are Helping Scientists Rethink Cancer Treatment

A new study published in the journal Science suggests domestic cats may help researchers better understand and treat certain cancers in humans, particularly aggressive forms of breast cancer.

Scientists analyzed tumor samples from nearly 500 cats across five countries, examining 13 different cancer types including breast, brain, lung and skin cancers.

The research found significant genetic similarities between feline and human cancers. One mutation — already identified in human breast cancer — appeared in more than half of the feline mammary tumors studied. Although the mutation is relatively rare in women, it is associated with more aggressive disease, making it difficult to study through traditional clinical trials.

Because the mutation is more common in cats, researchers say veterinary settings could provide broader opportunities to test targeted therapies.

Early experiments showed two chemotherapy treatments were effective against tumors carrying the mutation, though further research is required.

Scientists note that cats share living environments with humans, including exposure to pollution and lifestyle factors, making them valuable models for studying how cancer develops.

Experts say the findings could improve understanding of how genetics and environmental factors interact in cancer progression, potentially accelerating treatment development that benefits both humans and animals.